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[title] => Svi su u potrazi zamjene za pesticide, nova studija možda ima rješenje; Mogu li prirodni grabežljivci pomoći?
[alias] => svi-su-u-potrazi-zamjene-za-pesticide-nova-studija-mozda-ima-rjesenje-mogu-li-prirodni-grabezljivci-pomoci
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Prirodni grabežljivci poput ptica i kukaca mogli bi biti učinkovita alternativa pesticidima, smanjujući populaciju štetočina koje proždiru usjeve, a istodobno povećavajući prinose, objavili su znanstvenici u srijedu.
Štetočine su odgovorne za oko 10 posto gubitaka usjeva svake godine, no njihovo suzbijanje provodi se raširenom upotrebom kemijskih pesticida.
Mogu li primjerice ptice, pauci ili kornjaši obaviti posao kao i pesticidi?
Znanstvenici u Brazilu, Sjedinjenim Državama i Češkoj analizirali su prethodna istraživanja o kontroli štetočina uz pomoć tih grabežljivaca i otkrili da su pomogla u smanjenju populacije štetočina za više od 70 posto, dok su prinosi usjeva povećani za 25 posto.
"Prirodni grabežljivci dobri su za suzbijanje štetočina, a njihovo održavanje ključno je za osiguranje kontrole štetočina u budućnosti s obzirom na neizbježne klimatske promjene", rekao je za AFP glavni autor studije Gabriel Boldorini, doktorand na Saveznom ruralnom sveučilištu Pernambuco u Brazilu.
---
---
Iako znanstvenici nisu izravno usporedili učinkovitost tih grabežljivih beskralježnjaka u odnosu na pesticide, rekao je, šteta koju pesticidi uzrokuju ekosustavima i biološkoj kontroli dobro je dokumentirana, od gubitka bioraznolikosti i onečišćenja vode i tla do rizika za ljudsko zdravlje.
Znanstvenici su otkrili da su grabežljivci bili učinkovitiji u kontroli štetočina u regijama s većom varijabilnošću kiše za koju se očekuje da će se povećati zbog klimatskih promjena.
Znanstvenici su također bili iznenađeni kada su otkrili da je imati jednu vrstu prirodnog grabežljivca jednako učinkovito kao imati više vrsta, rekao je Boldorini.
"Općenito govoreći, što je više vrsta, to bolje funkcioniraju ekosustavi. Ali postoje iznimke", rekao je, dodajući da bi i samo jedna vrsta jednako dobro mogla obaviti posao.
Klimatske promjene i rastuće razine ugljičnog dioksida utječu i na prinos usjeva i na dinamiku štetočina širenjem štetočina i povećanjem njihove stope preživljavanja.
U međuvremenu, druge su studije pokazale da se zajednice beskralježnjaka, vitalne za zdravlje ekosustava, brzo smanjuju na globalnoj razini.
Boldorini je rekao da očuvanje beskralježnjaka "jamči kontrolu štetočina i povećanu produktivnost, bez šteta za ekosustave".
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Prirodni grabežljivci poput ptica i kukaca mogli bi biti učinkovita alternativa pesticidima, smanjujući populaciju štetočina koje proždiru usjeve, a istodobno povećavajući prinose, objavili su znanstvenici u srijedu.
Štetočine su odgovorne za oko 10 posto gubitaka usjeva svake godine, no njihovo suzbijanje provodi se raširenom upotrebom kemijskih pesticida.
Mogu li primjerice ptice, pauci ili kornjaši obaviti posao kao i pesticidi?
Znanstvenici u Brazilu, Sjedinjenim Državama i Češkoj analizirali su prethodna istraživanja o kontroli štetočina uz pomoć tih grabežljivaca i otkrili da su pomogla u smanjenju populacije štetočina za više od 70 posto, dok su prinosi usjeva povećani za 25 posto.
"Prirodni grabežljivci dobri su za suzbijanje štetočina, a njihovo održavanje ključno je za osiguranje kontrole štetočina u budućnosti s obzirom na neizbježne klimatske promjene", rekao je za AFP glavni autor studije Gabriel Boldorini, doktorand na Saveznom ruralnom sveučilištu Pernambuco u Brazilu.
---
---
Iako znanstvenici nisu izravno usporedili učinkovitost tih grabežljivih beskralježnjaka u odnosu na pesticide, rekao je, šteta koju pesticidi uzrokuju ekosustavima i biološkoj kontroli dobro je dokumentirana, od gubitka bioraznolikosti i onečišćenja vode i tla do rizika za ljudsko zdravlje.
Znanstvenici su otkrili da su grabežljivci bili učinkovitiji u kontroli štetočina u regijama s većom varijabilnošću kiše za koju se očekuje da će se povećati zbog klimatskih promjena.
Znanstvenici su također bili iznenađeni kada su otkrili da je imati jednu vrstu prirodnog grabežljivca jednako učinkovito kao imati više vrsta, rekao je Boldorini.
"Općenito govoreći, što je više vrsta, to bolje funkcioniraju ekosustavi. Ali postoje iznimke", rekao je, dodajući da bi i samo jedna vrsta jednako dobro mogla obaviti posao.
Klimatske promjene i rastuće razine ugljičnog dioksida utječu i na prinos usjeva i na dinamiku štetočina širenjem štetočina i povećanjem njihove stope preživljavanja.
U međuvremenu, druge su studije pokazale da se zajednice beskralježnjaka, vitalne za zdravlje ekosustava, brzo smanjuju na globalnoj razini.
Boldorini je rekao da očuvanje beskralježnjaka "jamči kontrolu štetočina i povećanu produktivnost, bez šteta za ekosustave".
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11. svibanj 2024 20:46
